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Lay-up and filament winding methods of shaping composites are far too slow and labor-intensive to compete with steel pressings for car body panels and other enclosures. Sheet molding compounds (SMCs) and dough (or bulk) molding compounds (DMCs or…

The small round red cedar from the outer Southern coastal plains has plump cones (3-4 mm long) with scale-like leaves forming on the slender extremity of the sprig on the slow- growing shoots. This common plant is found in sand dunes and marshes…

General Applications: Flooring, furniture, brush blocks, handles, veneer, woodenware, containers, cooperage, laundry appliances,
turning, sleepers (when treated).

Metal matrix composites are metals reinforced with ceramic particles. The most widely used are based on aluminum reinforced with particles of silicon carbide or alumina. The reinforcement increases the stiffness, strength and maximum service…

Pictured is ash from the Eastern U.S White ash trees. 4.6% of commercially available U.S. hardwoods are made of ash.

Pictured is ash from the Eastern U.S White ash trees. 4.6% of commercially available U.S. hardwoods are made of ash.

Balsa lumber is very soft and light, with a coarse, open grain. The density of dry balsa wood ranges from 40–340 kg/m^3 (2.5–21.2 lb/cu ft), with a typical density of about 160 kg/m^3 (10 lb/cu ft). The wood of the living tree has large cells…

Balsa lumber is very soft and light, with a coarse, open grain. The density of dry balsa wood ranges from 40–340 kg/m^3 (2.5–21.2 lb/cu ft), with a typical density of about 160 kg/m^3 (10 lb/cu ft). The wood of the living tree has large cells…

Bamboo is nature's gift to the construction industry. Think of it - a hollow tube, exceptionally strong and light, growing so fast that it can be harvested after a year, and - given a little longer - reaching a diameter of 0.3 meters and a height of…

Birch is a hardwood harvested in most of the Northern Hemisphere. And even though it is a relative to the oak, the lumber is much harder than oak. Birch is widely used in the cabinet industry, mostly because it makes superior plywood that is stable,…